Growth and Structure of Authorship and Co-Authorship - Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Growth and Structure of Authorship and Co-Authorship. Answer: Introduction The report helps in analysis of the identification of a corporation named Wesfarmers that is based in Australia. Proper identification of the business unit has to be done as this will help in understanding the meaning of strategic business unit. The identification of the products and services has to be done as this will help in understanding the meaning of product and service lines. The identification of the business revenue centre has to be analysed that will help in identification of the largest revenues created by the Wesfarmers by the chosen retail stores. The main aim and purpose of the report is to understand and analyse the external and internal environment analysis of Wesfarmers. The different sources for gaining sustainable competitive advantage will be done as this will help in solving the different queries in an effective manner. The structure of the report will include the different kind of analysis relating to the business unit revenue, identification of the business unit as well. Proper external and internal analysis is required to be done as this will help in solving the different issues in an effectual manner. Proper recommendations have to be provided effectively as this will help in solving the different issues in an effectual manner. Wesfarmers is an Australian Conglomerate Company that is headquartered in Perth, Western Australia. Wesfarmers focuses more on different kind of services that include retail, coal mining and industrial safety products. It has been one of the largest firms in terms of revenues and it has overtaken Woolworths and BHP Billiton. There are more than 220,000 employees and the revenues of the company is more than A$65.98 billion (Wesfarmers.com.au, 2018). Definition of Corporation and linkage with Wesfarmers Corporation is defined as the legal entity that will be separate and distinct from the different employers of the company. The different corporations enjoy different kind of responsibilities and rights that the different individuals will possess in an effective manner. A corporation can have one shareholder or several shareholders that have huge influence on different kind of operations of the company. The product and service portfolios of the respective company are essential in Wesfarmers Retail Company as they comprise of different kind of products wherein Wesfarmers Company comprises of different categories of products that include different kind of product line and individuals product as well (Baker and Saren 2016). Product and Service Portfolio With the help of the BCG matrix, the classification of the product is done in the market that will help in analysing the market share of the product along with the growth. On the basis of the classification, the product manager of the organization will help in deciding the different level of investments that is required and the amount of returns that will be generated from the product as well (Serra and Kunc 2015). On the other hand, service portfolio is defined as the core repository for the different kind of information in the organization. Each of the services is listed with the help of current status along with history. The main descriptor of the service portfolio will be analysed in an effective manner as this will provide the different kind of product and service packages. The service portfolio of Wesfarmers is the different kind of services provided by the company that includes supermarket portfolio wherein the portfolio includes more than 19 shopping centres and it has helped them in dealing with different acquisitions. Business Unit Research The single strategic business unit within Wesfarmers is the retail store that is based in Australia. In the Wesfarmers retail store, the strategic business unit is defined as the profit centre that is required to be analysed that is a fully and proper functional unit that has the vision and own direction as well. The different analysis has helped in understanding the different strategic business units that operates in a separate manner. The SBU of Wesfarmers has a separate and discrete kind of marketing plan for the retail store. It can be seen that Wesfarmers is focusing on different kind of sectors wherein the mission and vision of the different sectors are different from one another. It can be seen that Wesfarmers has separate kind of mission and vision for their retail store that is based in Australia (Welford 2016). There are different kind of product and service lines of Wesfarmers wherein the retail store of Wesfarmers focuses on providing different kind of non-perishable products to their target customers. The product and service line of the respective supermarket that is Wesfarmers help in selling multiple product lines under the various kind of brands (Jarzabkowski and Kaplan 2015). It has been seen that Wesfarmers retail store is trying to offer the different products and services effectively with the existing product line. This is done by the Wesfarmers retail store as to provide the customers different kind of product from the brands that are familiar to the customers. On the other hand, service line is the grouping of different services and products that are related to one specific division of the business. In Wesfarmers, it can be seen that it has a retail store and there is another department that specialises in industrial energy and gases. Business Unit Revenue The revenue is the income that is gained by the business from the different normal kind of business activities. This kind of revenues are usually generated from the different kind of sale of goods as well as services to the target customers. The revenue of the company is often regarded as the different sales or turnover of the during a specific period of time. The largest revenue that is created for the corporation by the specific unit of Wesfarmers retail company can be shown as follows: Years Retail ($) Coles ($) 2017 8528 8646 2016 39242 39217 2015 25848 26841 2014 29850 29592 2013 26874 27856 From the above table, it can be analysed that the revenues have been generated from both Coles and Supermarkets. It has been analysed that revenues are essential part of the organization wherein proper analysis is required as to understand the different kind of advantages that has been provided by the company in a particular sector (Chang 2016). From the above table, it can be seen that the revenues that has been generated by Wesfarmers has been greater in the year 2016 and it was amounting to $39242 (Bromiley et al. 2015). From the analysis, it has been clearly stated that the number of customers were larger in nature and this has helped the retail store in gaining competitive advantage in the entire market. The different analysis has been done in Wesfarmers wherein it has been seen that retail market of Wesfarmers has plunged a huge amount of profit nearly about $2,672 and it has helped the retail store of Wesfarmers based in Australia. From the above diagram, it can be analysed that the profit after tax has been distributed wherein it has been seen that the dividends and NPAT of the company has been greater in the year 2017. With implementation of different technologies, it can be seen that this has helped the company in earning huge revenues in the market. Identification of PESTLE in Wesfarmers Retail Outlet The operating environment is defined as the external kind of environment wherein different kind of analysis is done in order to understand the different political, social, economic, technological, legal and environmental aspects of the external environment. The external analysis is required to be done by Wesfarmers for understanding the different issues faced by the company (Slack 2015). The different meaning of the terms of PESTLE analysis are as follows: The political factors help in determining the extent wherein the government may create influence the entire economy. The political factors include different tax policies and it will affect the environment (Helfat and Martin 2015) The economic factors help in determining the performance that will directly impact the company and this creates resonating long term effects (Koseoglu 2016) The different social factors help in scrutinizing the different social environment of market that includes buying trends of customers or higher demand of the different products (Grant 2016) The technological factors include the innovative technologies that will help in affecting the different operations of the company (Mastropieri and Scruggs 2017) The legal factors include the external and internal sides wherein it includes the different kind of strategies and legislations such as labour laws The environmental factors include the different kind of areas that are related to environment along with the geographical locations of the country (Lasserre 2017) PESTLE analysis of Wesfarmers is as follows: Political The trading hours are restrictive in nature There are different ad hoc regulations There is importance and stability of the Food and Staples retailing sector in the economy of the country (Gomes, Barnes and Mahmood 2016) The labelling of product and other requirements in Staples and Food retailing There are different benefits provided to the employees Legal kind of framework for the enforcement of contract in Wesfarmers Economic There is low growth for the entire industry Higher rate of wages in comparison to the entire global market It helps in increasing the strength of the New Zealand and Australian dollars (Carroll, Primo and Richter 2016) Social The average expectancy of life is gradually increasing There is huge increase in the participation of the women There is average qualification of education among the entire population that has been increased Technological There is increased online shopping through mobiles along with other net devices Usage of the technology to predict the different preferences of the customers along with reduction of the costs of business Technology enabled different kind of services that are valued added in nature Legal The sale of the insurance of Wesfarmers broking division in the year 2014 to Arthur J. Gallagher Company There is sale of underwriting division to insurance Australia group Environmental There has to be reduction of wastage to landfills by 6% The firms need to report their emissions under the reporting act of NGER act Source of sustainable competitive advantage There are four factors of the sustainable competitive advantage that are as follows: Valuable resources are one of the factors wherein it will allow the different organizations in improving their effectiveness and efficiency. However, it has been seen that demands and preferences of customers makes once valuable resources as the less valuable in nature. The valuable resources must be rare in nature as well The rare sources are the second factor wherein the resources are not possessed by other competing organizations as to sustain competitive advantage Imperfectly imitable resources are the third factor that are extremely costly and difficult to duplicate Non-substitutable resources are rare, valuable along with imperfectly imitable in nature and there are no such resources that will be replacing them or gain competitive advantage The source of sustainable competitive advantage for the selected business unit of Wesfarmers retail store is the environment, health and safety of the individuals working in the organization. According to the reports of Sustainability.wesfarmers.com.au, (2018), it has been seen that the customers and employees of the organization are the different sources of the gaining competitive advantage. Therefore, it can be recommended that Wesfarmers Company needs to focus on the different threats and weaknesses as this will help in providing more insight on the different issues faced by them. Strategic development is essential in nature for Wesfarmers as this will help them in providing sense of direction and this will help them in outlining the strategic planning in an effectual manner. Strategic direction will help the company in evaluating the business goals in an effective manner. References ABC News. 2018. Wesfarmers net profit plunges nearly 87pc on Target and Bunnings UK write-downs. [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-02-21/wesfarmers-profit-falls-87pc-on-target-bunnings-uk-write-downs/9469302 [Accessed 22 Mar. 2018]. Baker, M.J. and Saren, M. eds., 2016.Marketing theory: a student text. Sage. Bromiley, P., McShane, M., Nair, A. and Rustambekov, E., 2015. 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(Sustainability.wesfarmers.com.au, 2018) Welford, R., 2016.Corporate environmental management 1: Systems and strategies. Routledge. Wesfarmers.com.au. 2018. Home. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/ [Accessed 22 Mar. 2018].