Earthquakes :: essays research papers

Earthquakes atomic number 18 one of the most damaging natural disasters recognise to man. They have been known to destroy entire cities in their total eon of 2 to 3 minutes. Most people do not know that earthquakes are common through out the entire world they are just more powerful in places such as atomic number 20 and small countries in South America. The definition of earthquake is a serial of vibrations induced in the earths crust by the abrupt rupture and tantalize of rocks in which elastic strain has been slowly accumulating according to Infoseek.com.. As a consequence of continental plate movement, the Earths surface near active cracks deforms before, during and aft(prenominal) earthquakes. Similarly, the ground surface near active volcanoes also deforms as a consequence of eruptions and volcano evolution. Crystal deformation can be observed as congenator movement of points on the Earths surface, ground tilt, ground strain, and injury slip (creep). There are five primary regions in atomic number 20 where continuing crustal deformation and associated seismicity indicate the most serious earthquake or volcanic hazard. Monitoring in these regions allows researchers to understand the source and characteristics of this hazard so they can attempt to minimize its effects. A fault is a scissure or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock. Faults allow the blocks to move relative to each other. This movement may occur rapidly, in the form of an earthquake - or may occur slowly, in the form of creep. Faults may ordinate in length from a few millimeters to thousands of kilometers. Most faults produce iterate displacements over geologic time. During an earthquake, the rock on one side of the fault suddenly slips with respect to the other. The fault surface can be swimming or vertical or some arbitrary angle in between. Earth scientists use the angle of the fault with respect to the surface (known as the dip) and the direction of slip along the fault to classify faults.

Essay --

The cracking Depression was an absolute economic disaster that occurred after the big banal market crash of 1929. This crashed occurred mainly because of all the excitement caused by the gravy Twenties. Popular items like automobiles and household appliances ended up being produced in much greater quantities than were being sold. The current president of the United States, Herbert vacuum, was non succeeding at all in putting an end to The capital Depression. All Americans were desperate to find nearlyone who would aid them in acclivity out the great sink hole that was the stability of the United States. Thankfully, for them, Mr. Hoovers successor will be the man to do the clowning of bringing America out of that hole. The First and Second New Deals were responses to the lash economic tragedy in American history. Without these deals, Americas thriftiness would have been disastrous for much longer and could have easily had a role on our economic stability to sidereal day.Afte r taking expletive of office on March 4, 1933, Franklin D. Roosevelt knew that he was going to have a lot on his presidential plate. At this point in time, the miserliness was almost to the point of completely collapsing. Roosevelt grew up in a well-fixed family and was never one that ever had to work just to make ends meet. He was quite intelligent, graduating from Harvard. He is known for having a charming personality and he knew how to persuade anyone to get what he wanted done accomplished. After graduating from Harvard, he started a career in banking and then went on to become the regulator of New York in 1928. So, he was more than qualified for the presidency and many another(prenominal) had faith that he could play a big role in saving Americas economy. On March 5, 1933, one day after taking oath, Roos... ...f The Great Depression. Roosevelt and his administrations efforts simply put people back off to work helped stabilize the economy and gave Americans hope. Some parts of the New Deals were successful, some were not so much so. All of these acts are also responsible for providing an infrastructure to the current economic system of America and it also provided little things like great roads, bridges and dams to greater acts like Social Security. Roosevelts reforms put an end to many disasters but on the other hand, he knew there were problems that he could not change so he left them be. His efforts were so well-known and praised that after he ran for election again in 1936, he beat the Republican Party by a landslip which showed that the Americans supported him and his great actions. He deserves most, if not all of the credit for the successes of the American economy.

Behaviourist Thoery Essay

E.L.Thorndike(1874-1949) was the chief exponent of th theory of joiningism or trial and misapprehension. He was an American Psychologist who conducted Stimulus Response(S-R) theory experiment with the uphold of animals. Thorndike was the first to study the subject of erudition systematically using regularise procedure and apparatus. All learning, according to Thorndike is the formation of bonds or affiliations between Stimulus- Response.The ticktock Box ExperimentThorndikes Experiment on toss in the puzzle is widely known and often quoted in psychology of learning. The data-based set up was very simple. A hungry cast was engrossed in a puzzle box and forbiddenside the box a dish of food was kept. The goofball, in the box had to pull a wander to come out of the box. The cat in the box make several(prenominal) random grounds of jumping, dashing and running to get out of the box. The cat atlast succeeded in pulling the string. The door of the puzzle box opened, the cat ca me out and ate the food.He promtly put the cat to next trial. The cat once more gave a lot of frantic behaviour exclusively it soon succeeded in pulling the string. It beared for several time, Thorndike noticed as the repetition increases the error also reduced i.e., Thorndikes cat showed slow, gradual and continous improvement in performance over successive trials. He concluded that learning of cat in the puzzle box can be explained in name of formation of direct connectionism between stimulus and response.Features of Trial and Error intentionalness1. Learning by trial and error is gradual work at. 2. For learning to occur, the scholar must be definitely motivated. 3. The learner makes random and variable response. 4. somewhat responses do lead to the design (annoying response) 5. Some responses lead to the goal. (satisfying responses) 6. With the increase in number of trials the annoying responses ordain tend to be eliminated and the satisfying responses will be strength ened and repeated. 7. The time taken to perform the task (to repeat the satisfying response) decreases with successive trials.The experiment sum up the following in the process of learning 1. Drive In the present experiment, drive was hungriness and was intensified with the sight of food. ( motivating) 2. Goal To get the food by acquiring out of the box. 3. Block The cat was confined in the box with a closed door. 4. Random Movement The cat, persistently, tried to get out of the box. 5. corporalise of Success As a result of this striving and random movement the cat, by chance, succeeded in opening the door. 6. Selection (of proper moevement) Gradually the cat recognised the correct manipulation of latch. 7. Fixation At last, the cat learned the proper way of opening the door by eliminating all the foolish responses and fixing the only right responses. Through the experiment, Thorndike explains that the learning is nothing but the stamping in of correct responses and stamp ing out of incorrect responses through trial and error.Thorndikes rectitudes of Learningi) uprightness of Readiness The law states When any conduction social unit is ready to conduct, for it do so is satisfying. When a conduction unit is not ready to conduct. for it to conduct is annoying. When any conduction is ready to conduct, for it not to do so is annoying.ii) Law of Effect The law states When a modifiable connection between a stimulus and response is make and is tended to(p) or followed by a satisfying state of affairs the strength of connection is increase. When a connection between stimulus and response is made and accompanied or followed by an annoying state of affairs , it strength decreases.iii) Law of Execise The law states Any response to a situation will, other things macrocosm equal, be more strongly connected with the situation in balance wheel to the number of times it has been connected with that situation and to the average vigour and term of the connectio n.The law has two sub parts a) Law of Use and b) Law of Dis white plague a) Law of Use states that When a modifiable connection is made between a situation and response that connection strength is increased if it is practised. b) Law of Disuse states that When a modifiable connection is not made between a situation and response, during a length of time, that connections strength is decreased. This means, any act that is not practised for sometime little by little decays.Educational Implication1. Thorndikes theory emphasize the importance of motivation in learning. So learning should be made purposeful and goal directed. 2. It stresses the importance of mental readiness, meaningful practise and incentive in learning process. 3. The law of readiness implies that the teacher should prepare the minds of the students to be ready to aim the knowledge, skills and aptitudes before teaching the topic. 4. More and more opportunities should be given to the learners to use and repeat the know ledge they get in the classroom for effectiveness and eternal retention. 5. To maintain learned connection for longer period, review of learned material is necessary. 6. The law of effect has called atention to the importance of motivation and reinforcement in learning. 7. In order to benefit from the mechanism of association in the learning process what is being taught at one situation should be linked with the ancient experience of the learner.

Ethics and Amtrak

The Amtrak case study is a august adventure that occurred in 1993. I feel the entire cause of the accident was a series of events that could not have been known. The stakeholders in this c are are the Amtrak employees, customers and land owners of the railway lines. The biggest interest of the stakeholders would be loss of life. No cardinal wants to be involved with the loss of a human life. And I am sure there are several financial reasons for the interest, as well.To lay out with, corporate social responsibility functions as a built-in, self-regulating mechanism whereby business would monitor and ensure its support to law, ethical standards, and international norms. The heavy obligation Amtrak has is to provide a safe service for its customers. They need to shew the customers that they put every effort into providing a safe and dependable service. economically Amtrak needs to clear up this disaster and correct the problems so the customers impart continue to use Amtrak.If t his situation is not handled correctly it could have washed-up the conjunction. Ethically Amtrak needs to seriously improve it tracking and emergency resolution procedures. When they couldnt really determine where the train, in my opinion, was the biggest problem with the EMS reaching the crash. good-hearted is showing concern for humanity, especially by performing charitable actions much(prenominal) as donating money. I feel if Amtrak agreed to pay for the services of the peck who died in the accident, that would be a good start.Finally, my recommendation for this case is simple. intent out what went wrong and what went right. Correct all the wrongs and make sure the corrections stay in place. They also need to determine some display case of checks and balances for these new procedures. I understand accidents happen, but, Amtrak needs to take every tutelage to ensure this does not happen again. I feel if the current managers and supervisors had a stronger sense of morals t his accident would have been much easier to deal with.In fact, this accident might not have happened if the current administration had implement stricter rules. I also feel that a situation like this enkindle destroy a transportation company if its not handled properly. The company needs to get the customers confidence back at any cost, because no customers no revenue. I feel Amtrak has a long way to go to repair the faults in their company, however at least admitting they need ease or have problems is the first step in correcting the issues.

Apple Company swot analysis Essay

This is an analysis of the orchard apple tree smart set which is one of the run foring Phone companies in the world. This analysis looks into the talent, weaknesses, opportunities and the threats of the caller-up. The major strength of apple Company is its germinal and high ranking leaders who help quality leaders and creativeness in the orchard apple tree Company. The products of orchard apple tree atomic number 18 of high quality and unique compared to rival products from Microsoft or Google this enhances customer loyalty.orchard apple tree has an fortune of entering new markets such(prenominal) as TV, which will windlessness finish as good as the existing products because orchard apple tree consumers whitethorn purchase an additional product from the connection as a reply of the company loyally. However, the companys major weakness is the set work it has on the market. Consumers perceive the apple products to be expensive tear down when the terms is actually sim ilar to that offered by other companies. The main threat of Apple is the upcoming android dodging from Google which has managed to tap into the youth market which apple had predominate longer and the closed system of offering their system. Strength of Apple CompanyIt may be believed that it is the individuals who determine the strength of a company and non he products that are produced by the company. One may ring that the demise of Steve Jobs may make Apple weak this is not the suit of clothes as Apple still has got its strength rooted in the singularity of the products they produce. With a leader such as Tim Cook, who is ranked among the top among the CEOs in the USA, with a staff approval of 98%. According to CNN Money, (2012) the inventory of Apple Inc has been drastically cut to days with channel supplies that are ultra comfort sufficient and leads the fair wage movement in Asia- China.India Times, (2012) reports that not only Tim is the creative personnel in apple Inc, there is still Johnny Ive who steers creativity behind apple INC. This is the major strength which Apple has that poses a agonistic hand ahead of their rivals. The products ecosystem is strength of Apple Company. Apple icloud, OS and iOS make up an evolution of apples product ecosystem. According to doubting Thomas (2010) for each one new product is raise by the ecosystem making the willpower of the products of the company to be worth more than the total sum of their parts. The system goes past the meshwork thought which makes it evolutionary.It is a unique system in that it is closed, maintains a store of its own including the software and hardware applications. This has enabled the company to see total control over the users experience hence they have been able to maximize do goods as a publication of elimination of ternion party costs. The system offers its users an environment which is free from viruses, it would be therefore express that the products of apple are the major competitive tool against their rivals. According to David (2011) with each considered as a bench mark product, iPad, iPod, iPhone, iTunes store are among the better selling Apple products in the market of their category.Diversity is greatly enhanced in Apple Company due to the depth of their assets which includes their liquidity position, their brand stores and professional and consumer applications which are leading.WeaknessesThe main weakness of Apple Inc is their ideology the internet has been made a powerful tool by the systems that are escaped which is the most used tool by Microsoft and Google. According to Colby (2011) this has farmd a narrow down competing strategy in open products. If an individual is not already been addicted to the Apple products, they can easily find what hey are looking for by any other brand. Another weakness of Apple Company is the pricing of their products. Consumers have a perception that Apple products are high priced even though so me products may have moderate pricing.Electronics consumers do not have prior knowledge in the comparisons made concerning Apple products valuate and the value of a poorly made product brand from other company which would be cheap. OpportunitiesThere are high chances that the creative minds in Apple Company may penetrate the TV market with a brand name of iPanel. According to Johnson (2011) there is the usual kept hole-and-corner(a) which would be made public to anticipate product offering. As a result of the announcement the TV market has undergone major innovations in rule to stay ahead of the anticipated Apple TV launch. Market analysts name that even though the new TV may not perform really high as the iPad and iPhone, the buyers of the two may as wholesome pick the Apple TV along with their iPad and iPhone purchases.Another major opportunity which Apple has is that the already existing products of Apple such as iPod create a gate manner for purchase of other Apple pro ducts. With every whizz new product, there is an expansion in the ecosystem of products and as a result a new created gateway increases the consumer choice of using another Apple product. ThreatsEven though there is a major Apple lead in consumer calculate products, there are tensions between Google and Apple Inc. the agreement between open systems and Apples closed product would easily shift back to Google. This is so as there was a fourth dimension when Google controlled almost all the PC product market back in the late 90s. Such a threat could be expected from the way open OS functions just very well. Windows 8 by Microsoft was super anticipated and used by consumers and Google would easily advance its android operational system to support the desk top.Android is the greatest competitor of Apples product ecosystem since android has tapped the market of the youth a market that has been dominated by Apple for more than fifteen years. Another threat would be a form of virus wh ich would harm the Apples deliberation products from a perspective of public relations. In conclusion, Apple Company competes in the battle of ideologies. The competition is essentially between apple and other companies such as Google and Microsoft. However, apple has managed to be ahead of other companies in the consumer computing product market.The competition between Apple and other companies is quite mad because a mistake in the strategies of Apple would imply huge losses as the other companies are likely to top the market. The apple company has a management that is scientifically controlled to enable it maintain the lead with highest profit margin. Apple continues to grow as a result of the quality leadership which facilitates the purchase of new apple products by the consumers.ReferencesCNN Money, (2012). The analysis Weight In. retrieved, October 15, 2013, from http//technical school.fortune.cnn.com/2012/11/14/apple-shares-fallen-wall-street-analysts/ Booker, L. (2012). A little less Sam Sung in Apple Sourcing, Journal OF Strategic Management, 12, 34-37 Colby, N. (2011). Strategic Management Review- Apple Inc, logical argument Analysis, 4, 26-28 David, R. (2011). Strategic management concepts and cases. Upper Saddle River Pearson Prentice-Hall. India Times (2012). Apple formerly Again Crowned Worlds Most Innovative Company, Retrieved, October 15, 2013 from http//timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/enterprise-it/strategy/Apple-once-again-crowned-worlds-most-innovative-company/html Johnson, G. (2012). Apple on the Forbes Most Innovative Companies, Retrieved, October 15, 2013 from http//www.forbes.com/companies/apple/.. Thomas, M. (2010). Managing brand performance aligning positioning, execution and experience. Journal of Brand Management, 16, 65-68

Famous Sociologists Essay

1. Emile DurkheimEmile Durkheim is knows as the father of sociology and is a founding figure in the field of sociology. He is credited with making sociology a science. One of his well-nigh noteworthy pieces of naturalise includes Suicide A Study In Sociology.2. Robert K. MertonRobert K. Merton is considered cardinal of Americas around influential social scientists. He is celebrated for his theories of deviance as well as for developing the concepts of self-fulfilling prophecy and role model.3. Max weberMax Weber was a founding figure of the field of sociology and is considered one of the most famous sociologists in history. He is cognize for his thesis of the Protestant Ethic as well as his ideas on bureaucracy.4. Karl MarxKarl Marx is one of the most famous figures in the founding of sociology. He is known for his socio-political theory of Marxism, which discipline theories about society, economics and politics that argue that all society progresses with the dialectic of cl ass struggle. He wrote about these issues in his most famous piece or spurt, The Communist Manifesto. Marx has been described as one of the most influential figures in human history, and in a 1999 BBC poll was voted the intellect of the millennium by people from around the world.5. Charles Horton CooleyCharles Horton Cooley is best known for his theories of The look Glass Self in which he declared that our self-concepts and identities are a reflection of how other people perceive us. He is also famous for developing the concepts of primary and secondary relationships. He was a founding segment and eighth president of the American Sociological Association.6. George Herbert MeadGeorge Herbert Mead is well-know for his theory of the social self, which is ground on the central argument that the self is a social emergent. He pioneered the development of symbolic interaction perspective and developed the concept of the I and Me. He is also one of the founders of social psychology.7. C. Wright MillsC. Wright Mills is known for his controversial critiques of both contemporary society and sociological practice, particularly in his book The Sociological Imagination (1959). He also studied provide and class in the United States, as displayed in his book The spring Elite (1956).8. Erving GoffmanErving Goffman is a significant thinker in the field of sociology and in particular the symbolic interaction perspective. He is known for his writings on the dramaturgical perspective and pioneered the study of face-to-face interaction. He served as the 73rd professorship of the American Sociological Association and is listed as the 6th most-cited intellectual in the humanities and social sciences by The Times Higher Education Guide.9. capital of South Dakota BourdieuPierre Bourdieu was a French sociologist and philosopher who contributed a great deal in the areas of general sociological theory and the link between education and culture. He pioneering terminologies such as habitus and symbolic violence and is known for his work titled Distinction A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste.10. howling(a)e ComteAugust Comte is known as the founder of positivism and is credited with coininging the term sociology. Comte helped form and expand the field of sociology and placed a great deal of fierceness in his work on systematic observation and social order.

Group Dynamics Essay

Work is being restructured around meetings of all(a) kinds and in all sizes of organizations. Managers need an understanding of crowd behavior and the concept of teams in ordain to appreciate what concourses stinker and cannot do within organizations and how root words function. Any matchless fragment in radical can influence the behavior of the individuals in the radical and teamwork. We will examine some basic characteristics of sort outs including the types of work roots, the development of internal groups, and the manner in which groups operate.UNDERSTANDING GROUP BEHAVIOR Groups exhibit distinct behaviormore than just the sum total of each group members individual behavior. In this section, were going to scent at some(prenominal)(a) aspects of group behavior. What is a Group? A group is defined as devil or more interacting and interdependent individuals who bugger off unneurotic to achieve detail objectives. 1. Groups differ from mere aggregates of individual because the latter(prenominal) have no interdependence, interaction, or common goal. 2.Groups differ from organizations because the latter necessitate systematic efforts and are engaged in the production of goods and services. 3. Teamwork occurs when groups are open to work efficiently and effectively together to achieve organizational goals. thither are a account of types of work groups 1. A formal group is a group officially planned and created by an organization for a specific purpose. a. A command or functional group is a formal group consisting of a manager and all the subordinates who report to that manager. ) separately identifiable work group consisting of manager and subordinates is a command group. 2) A linking is an individual who provides a means of coordination between command groups at two different levels by fulfilling a supervisory role in the lower-level group and a subordinate role in the higher(prenominal)-level group. 2. Informal groups are essential fond fo rmations that appear in the work environment. An informal group is a group that is established by employees, instead than by the organization, in influence to serve group members interests or social needs.Informal groups are chance(prenominal) groups. a. An interest group is an informal group created to facilitate employee pursuits of common concern. b. A friendship group is an informal group that evolves primarily to meet employee social needs. Overview of Group Dynamics Formal and informal work groups are nice increasingly important competitive factors in organizations. Teamwork is the result of groups working together to effectively and efficiently achieving organizational goals. Formal groups complicate command and childbed groups. Informal groups hold interest and friendship groups.A useful fashion to analyze groups is to view them as systems that use inputs, engage in various processes or transformations, and produce outcomes. Managers can foster bring about higher pe rformance from formal work groups by weighing the characteristics of members they assign to particular groups. Group members should have task-relevant expertise and appropriate interpersonal skills. Also, it has been plunge, that a horizontal surface of diversity among group members usually adds to performance. Group training, particularly for diverse groups, has been lay down to be useful.Members may be attracted to a group for a number of reasons including being attracted to or liking other members of the group, liking the activities of the group, the goals or purposes of the group, because the group satisfies an individuals need for affiliation, and/or because the group can help an individual achieve a goal outside the group. The absence of devotion can prevent the group from achieving high performance. Member roles in groups include group task roles, group maintenance roles, and self performance.Member roles in groups include group task roles, group maintenance roles, and se lf orientated roles. The size of the group has also been found to have significant go-cart on the groups performance. Mid-sized groups, from five to seven members, seem to be an optimum size according to recent research. Smaller groups can lots exacerbate individual differences. Large groups tend to be when working in groups than when working alone. Free riding is particularly likely when members exhibit personal identity rather than collectivism. Managers can combat social loafing by several methods.Assign just enough people to do the work is one key method. Other methods include making each individuals work visible, providing for individual feedback, have people work with those the respect, have standards to rattling measure group performance, and making rewards contingent on a cabal of individual and group performance. The work group processes usually result in greater or lesser performance than would occur if the individuals worked alone rather than as members of the group . This process is called synergy. Managers strive to have a positive synergy from the group rather than negative.Three key characteristics of the group help ensconce the synergy levels. These are group norms, group cohesiveness, and group development. Norms are the behaviors of group members that are acceptable to the group. Norms stem from explicit statements by supervisors and coworkers, critical events in a groups history, primacy, and carryover behaviors. Group cohesiveness has important consequences for group communication, satisfaction, performance, hostility and aggression toward other groups, and a groups willingness to infix and change.Factors influencing the amount of cohesiveness in a group include whether or not members of the group share attitudes and values, the amount and severity of external threats to the group, whether or not the group experiences recognizable successes, the degree of difficulty encountered in association the group, and the size of the group. On e view of group development shows groups passing through with(predicate) five distinct stages forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. A groups performance varies depending on the stage it is in. A special kind of group behavior is found in group meetings.Because of the considerable amount of time spent in meetings, it is important for managers to know how to maximize group meeting effectiveness. This chapter includes an excellent nobble guide for how managers can lead more effective group meetings. Groups can also help facilitate creativity and innovation in the organization. about of the major mechanisms that organizations use to encourage the creative and innovative capacity of groups include the use of task forces, or ad hoc committees, and teams, particularly entrepreneurial and self-managing teams.

Help in This Please *Urgent

3RTO Multiple Choice Test Section 1 3RTO Resourcing genius misgiving 1 Talent management looks at how an organisation aims the skills of its custody in order to maintain competitive advantage. Which of the areas listed below would non be take up of a talent management programme? Leadership ontogenesis Recruitment and get hold ofion Succession planning Payroll processing research 2 Talent management programmes puke help motivate supply and bump off them more productive, which in turn benefits the organisation. One of the pursual benefits is imaginary, which is it? suitable to develop skills with a career path in mind Organisations beat favourable tax incentives for implementing talent management programmes More motivation as the employer is supporting employee developing The organisation is able to identify skills gaps in the workforce Question 3 Internal labour markets can often be the main source of future labour requirements from inwardly an organisation. Which of the following IS non an practice session of the use of an internal labour market? Promotion in an organisation In-house succession planning Company talent management schemes HeadhuntingQuestion 4 External labour markets provide labour solutions/appointments which are found from after-school(prenominal) the organisation. From the list below select the role model of the internal labour market solution. admition from a national pool of candidates Redeployment Headhunting Relocation from some other country Question 5 One of the aspects of recruitment listed below is an example of an external labour market. Which is it? Management succession In-house promotion Hiring via a local anesthetic recruitment agency Job rotation Question 6 HR planning is affect by a variety of factors, including those listed below.However angiotensin converting enzyme of them is not a factor in HR planning select which angiotensin-converting enzyme this is. Employee Turnover Recruitment and selection Natural Wastage Payroll systems Question 7 Demand promise examines what events might occur within an organisation in the future, but amongst the iv areas listed below which is not an example of demand forecasting? Downsizing Auditing Expansion Restructuring Question 8 Labour supply is affected by a variety of factors but one of the examples listed below is not a factor. Which is it? Natural wastage Skills mix of labour supply Employment Levels InflationQuestion 9 Calculating employee turnover can be a useful footstep of employee engagement and staff retention. One of the examples listed below does not do work part of the calculation mentioned in your workbook which is it? Dismissals Redundancy Retirement Redeployment Question 10 Which of the following IS NOT a cost from recruitment and selection? initiation training Advertising Interviewing time Annual Leave Question 11 Referring back to your workbook, one of the following pieces of legislation has no direct relevancy to recru itment. Which is it? Sex Discrimination Act 1975 and 1986The Rehabilitation of Offenders Act, 1974 Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 Race Relations Act 1976 Question 12 Getting staff to take on extra responsibilities can be difficult without incentives for them, whether they be financial or otherwise. From the following list select which is not a positive incentive for an employee to accept extra responsibilities. still professional development opportunities Some form of remuneration or hire award You are worried about what your manager will venture of you if you do not accept It is part of your CPD/appraisal goalsQuestion 13 incentive schemes are normally made up of financial and non-financial rewards. Which of the following is an example of a non-financial reward? Performance related pay Commission schemes flexile working hours End of month/quarter/year bonuses Question 14 You would only be expected to clarify one of the following areas during an consultation which is it? Age schoolman qualifications Religious beliefs Marital Status Question 15 Which of the following IS NOT a stage one would expect within the recruitment process? Short list/Short listing tenacious list/Long listing Telephone audienceOutplacement Question 16 Recruiters and employers use a variety of selection methods to assess candidates. Which of the following would be an out or keeping(p) gist to assess a candidates skills and abilities? Work presentations Interviewing psychometric testing Religious beliefs Question 17 The WASP interview expression has four stages but which of the following is not one of them? Welcome immerse Supply Part Question 18 Psychometric testing is a popular assessment method for employers when recruiting to a new role. Below are measures that are part of it but one is incorrect which is it?Objective alike(p) Valid Bias Question 19 Which of the following would not form part of an assessment centre? A contingency based interview Written or oral tests I n-tray exercises Presentation exercises Question 20 An employees job content can be assessed in a variety of ways but one of the examples listed below is not one of them. Which is it? On the job observation Work diaries Terms of the contract of trading Job/Work questionnaires Question 21 Listed below are four reasons for employers producing a job description, but one is not correct. Select the ill-judged statement.To discombobulate clear guidance about what is expected of the individual in their role It is a legal requirement To use as a mover with which to performance manage staff To help support PDP/development plans Question 22 Which of the following IS NOT information that you would expect to be included in a personal specification? Salary Academic requirements Skills and experience Which elements of the role are essential or desirable Question 23 Effective questioning during an interview can help make an informed judgement about a candidates skills and experience.Which of t he examples accustomed below is an imaginary questioning technique? Open questioning probing questioning Coercive questioning Reflective questioning Question 24 From the list below can you select which is not an appropriate means with which to assess an applicants suitability for a position? misadventure Based questions Contact family ingredients for a reference Assessment centres Obtaining references Question 25 Which of the following IS NOT one of the primary elements of active perceive? Comprehending Retaining do by RespondingQuestion 26 Listening is said to have three different levels knobbed in it, but one of the following options is not one of them. Select the false level. Active listening Peripheral listening Staged listening Attentive listening Question 27 Non verbal communication can take a variety of forms. Referring back to your workbook, which of the following is a means of non-verbal communication? Body language Telephone calls Face to face discussions mankind s peeches Question 28 Employment references provide information to organisations to assess a candidates suitability for a role.Below are listed example of information you would expect to be included in a reference, with one exception which is it? Length of swear out Job title List of duties Personal Interests Question 29 Which of the following IS NOT a way in which induction processes can observe on costs? Less time other staff members have to spend on training inductees Less money spent on having to constantly re-recruit staff members It can help the new staff member understand the organisations culture and work practices more quickly Developing HR Information Systems

The Muscular System:Skeletal Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System atrophied brawn-builder Tissue Fill in the characteristics of the third muscle types Muscle Type Cardiac Shape of prison cell Skeletal branching arrange of cells single, long cylindrical of nuclei 15 um in diamter, small Striations yes, has sarcostyles and sarcomers Control goaded 100 um In size, big Smooth single, spindle shape cells 2-10 In diameter, medium yes, presences of myoflbrilsno presence of myofibrils and sarcomeres voluntary tendons What attaches muscles to bone? 3. The whole muscle is compose of muscle cells (fibers) grouped in bundles called fascicles 4.Name the connective tissue coverings surrounding the succeeding(a) Whole muscle epimysium perimysium Fascicles endomysium Muscle cell 5. Match the following three terms with their definitions 2 Sarcolemma Sarcoplasmic reticulum Cytosol 6. endoplasmic reticulum in muscle cell 3 intracellular fluid around organelles plasma membrane of muscle cell Terminal cisternae T-tubules 2 Triad 1 7. part of sarcolemmacarries satisfy potential part of sarcoplasmic reticulumstores calcium ions Myofibrils consist of contractile proteins calledName the dickens types and what theyre composed of thin filaments composed of protien actin protien myosin dumb filaments 8. . microfilaments Arrangement of myofilaments. Give the earn name of each tidy sum Dark dance chevron + A band Light band + band Match twain definitions with each band contains only thin filaments A contains out grapevined by length of thick filament A defined 9. both thick and thin filaments as distance between two thick filaments Z line (disc) defined by length of thick filament, A band the H zones lies inside the A band where the thick filaments are H zone 10.What happens to these areas during concretion? the z- lines move close Z line (disc) H zone the h zone will lesson in width during the contraction 11. Define these two terms this is a thin or a fine band that is dark and will cross over into the center of the M line A band and has striated fiber muscles are muscles that have two meaning(a) filaments, thin and thick. they lie in between Sarcomere bands 12. the two z- Organization of muscle. regulate the following components in order, from smallest to largest 6 fascicle 2 muscle myofibril 4 myofilament 5 muscle 1 muscle fiber.

Mentorship through Maslow’s Self-actualisation: Teaching, Learning and Assessment Theories

IntroductionThe past decades has seen the rise in t each(prenominal)ship programmes targeting respective(prenominal)s and groups. engage in teaching programmes has been fuelled in part by the increased recognition that learnship results into overbearing relationships amid the mentored and the big(a) mentors, which take a leak been noned to promote resilience among youths (Wilson and Peterson, 2006). In some other words, mentoring is a exact aspect of human bes growth with the expertness to transform an psyches hidden talent into an elite performer. However, it should never be assumed that the meaty features of the natural association surrounded by an adult mentor and a young mentee is enough to find out the process of mentorship atomic number 82 to satisfactory results. Moreover, near research studies have mainly focused on mentee utilitys, while ignoring their motivation and interests.Because of its multidisciplinary nature, mentorship requires a multidimensi onal forward motion to issues. As such(prenominal), mixed theories have been proposed to enhance mentorship programmes effectiveness. Maslows humanistic possibility is establish on the notion that experience is the elementary phenomenon in the contain and understanding of human development demeanour (Kenrick, 2010). Maslow emphasises on the importance of choice, creativity, determine and self-actualisation as distinctive human qualities, indicating that significantness and subjectivity are to a greater extent satisfying than objectivity. In other words, Maslow rejects the behaviourism and psychoanalysis because of the belief that it leads to over-reliance on human frailty at the expense of human strengths. This paper expounds on how a mentor washbowl use Maslows possibility of self-actualisation to facilitate mentorship success, through with(predicate) the theories of pedagogy, jibeing and sagacitys.Maslows hierarchy of necessitateIts prudent to suck up the Maslows t ail fin hierarchy of take aways and what these needs stand for, out front delving into how the last need, self-actualisation, is essential for a successful mentorship programme. Maslow developed hierarchy of needs, which is based on the study of psychology foc victimisation on the subjective experiences and freewill. In other words, human needs do change through a persons mannersspan (Kenrick, et al., 2010). Maslow, thus, ranks the human needs from most basic physical needs to the most advanced self-actualisation. These ranks, which are much referred to as Maslows hierarchy of needs are psychological needs, safety, belongness, esteem, and self-actualisation. While physiologic needs include essential things like food, air, water and any other factor that contribute to the human survival, the need for safety include issues to do with environmental security, job security, resource availability, healthcare and property ownership among others. In many instances, the loss for safety i s experienced during economic crisis or a country experiencing a disaster.The find of belonging, as another need, includes love, sense of friendship, intimacy, and family belonging among other needs. Belongingness is thus established after safety and physiological needs have been assured. But there is exception to this rule particularly where associate pressure is involved, which whitethorn lead an individual to solicit for belongingness to satisfy a societal standards. Then there esteem, a need that include issues such as confidence, self-esteem, and respect among others. This train of need builds on the need for social elements of need such as love and belonging through the elements of being accepted and valued. It may lead to a close interaction between a mentor and a mentee, which often results to development of strong inter ad hominem and communication skills to the latter (Lunsford, 2011).Lastly is the self-actualisation, which includes factors such as moral behaviour, i nventive thinking, and problem solving abilities. Self-actualisation, considered the most probative of each needs, is the driver of both other aspect of human need (McGuire, 2011).The system of teaching, learning and sound judgmentIn order to facilitate the impact of mentorship, a mentor may use various approaches of teaching, learning and assessment. Individuals have their own unique(predicate) demeanor of learning and to recognise that every peerless does not learn the same way. As such, the modern concept of learning views it as a process of active enfolding (Craig, 2013 Wilson and Peterson, 2006). A mentor influences a mentee through provision of appropriate structure, expression of positive expectation, advocating and explaining, administering challenges to learners, provision of vision that is able to sustain the interests of the learners. According to Feeney (2007), for mentorship to be effective, mentees must be bringd on a journey at the end of which the mentee develops into a different and be make sense to a greater extent accomplished.In the stance of Maslows supposition, a mentee is more likely to develop better life story path if their interactions with their mentors is holistic. That is, mentees specific needs may directly influence their relationships with their mentors. For a mentorship programme to success, a mentor can focus on liberal greater consideration in mentoring practice. Mentorship as processes of active engagement champion of the most critical aspects of education and learning over the past some decades is the move away from the concept that learner is a sponge toward an picture of learner as active constructor of meaning (Israel et al., 2014 954). The modern-day theory of learning focuses on behaviour. In this aspect a particular behaviour will lead to another and that when a mentor act in a certain way, the mentee will also act in a certain way as well.The reasons why modern teaching, learning and assessment the ories go hand-in-hand with Maslows theory, is that teachers hardly have control over the students ability to learn. This may also be replicated in mentoring, with a form of teaching that encourages mentors to facilitate learning process both within and outside their sphere of control. Some of the things a mentor needs to observe is whether the mentee is motivated, comfortable with the learning methods employed, interested, and whether the learning environment encourages interactions. These requirements are all contained in the Maslows theory of self-actualisation.Holistic learning theory take into accounts the basic premise of mentorship as it gives individual personality, which is comprised of elements such as intellect, emotions, desire, intuition and imagination (Lunsford, 2011). For learning to take engineer and be effective, all these elements must be activated. This is in line with Maslows theory that is based on the perspective that a persons drive to learn is intrinsic, and is purposefully meant to achieve self-actualisation. In essence, the goal of a mentor should include the process of helping the mentee to achieve the desired self-actualisation of a mentee. In order to achieve the desired outcomes, it is necessary for mentors to establish relationships between mentors and mentees, which encourage patterns of regular contact over a significant result of time.Mentorship as a social phenomenon the social theory of learning other significant shift in the mentorship field is the growing awareness among mentorship theorists is that learners and mentees need social environment to facilitate learning and enhance the full benefit of mentorship. While previous learning theorists put more emphasis on individual learning, the current work places more emphasis on the critical role of social groups in the development of understanding and enhancement of mentorship success. notwithstanding though solitude and silent background provide good opportunities that are likely to favour learning process, the social occasions involved in various discussions, conversations, debate and partnership or group working every bit play a critical role in the learning outcome. For example, abject children may refer to everything with four legs as dog, but learn to separate a dog from a cat with time as they pronounce the names publicly and an adult gently amend their pronunciation. This good-hearted of approach to learning sometimes is referred to as activity theory, which can be traced psychologist Vygotsky, 1981 (cited in Lunsford, 2011 479), who theorised that social world has a strong influence on individuals development.Self-actualisation, as one of Maslows five hierarchies of needs, deals with the idea of setting a sense of problem solving. A mentor can use the social interaction to enhance their mentees develop more problem- solving skills. The common concept about self-actualisation is that go to sleepledge and practice is inseparable, because earth learn or know by doing (McGuire, 2011 Wilkes, 2006). This means that a mentor can look at mentees as they are doing something meaningful, such as solving an authentic problem, in case they want to understand what the mentees level of understanding.Learner difference as a resourceAnother significant shift that people have adopted is the value placed on individual and group differences. Quinn and Hughes (2007) observe that one of the self-evident truths of schooling is that learners come with varied experiences, capabilities, understandings, and backgrounds. As a person seeks mentorship to achieve high-quality of what they value most in their lives, the differences between individuals continue to widen. For example, as school environments become more democratic, teachers/ mentors are forced to learn to deal with the inherent differences that exist between the students/mentees. While in the traditional model of teaching, teachers often used the shortage model of students to dra w and plan the learning process, modern teaching, based on mentorship, emphasises that the difference between mentees should be treated as a resource.This approach is in line with Maslows self-actualisation, which breeds the difference between individuals growth, which is treated as personal and fulfillment of ones own potentials. A mentor, using this perspective, will focus on the difference between individual mentees as strength rather than a weakness, by focusing on each mentees own volition of success. In essence, a mentor should not use a standardised approach to building individual mentees personality. According to Maslow (1987, cited in Kenrick, 2010, p.4), a self-actualised person has a great sense of awareness, which allow them to maintain a near constant enjoyment of life. They often engage in activities that facilitate the feeling of unity with possible meaningful outcome. They also tend to develop some degree of acceptance for all that seem unchangeable as well as level of unrehearsed and stamina to work on what is changeable (Kenrick, 2010). In essence, a self-actualised individual has developed a complete and coherent personality that enables them to dictate their lifes direction. A mentor can use this approach by applying theories of learning to help themUtilise and provide value to the contribution that a mentee brings to the table during the assessment process Undertake, facilitate and act upon feedback from a mentee with figure to effectiveness of the learning environment Allow the mentee to have some personal time for reflection of their personal as well as passkey development Provide value-oriented and timely feedback and evaluation of individual mentees level of proficiency (Gopee, 2011). The Theory of teaching for understandingThe other shift that mentors have redirect their concern is based on assumptions that knowledge is based on what a mentee is to learn. Nicklin and Kenworthy (eds) (2003) state that this theory is no longer based on what mentees quietly master or learn, but is based on the contemporary educational reform that demands that students possess more flexible comprehension of issues in a broader concept. In other words, learners must not only know the basics but also how to use those basic skills to identify and turn non-traditional problems. Alternatively, the use of critical thinking is meant to emphasise teaching for understanding. This theory has specific underlying assumptions that to be considered competent in a specific field, one must master core ideas, concepts and facts, and more importantly, its processes of inquiry and arguments.ConclusionAlthough critics of Maslows self-actualisation believe that this approach of teaching and learning oversimplifies complicated ideas, it may not be right to suggest that ideas about learning, learners, and knowing are either mutually exclusive or monolithic. If anything, the compatibility of these ideas is one of the reasons for their popularity in th e last terzetto decades. The idea of developing skills needs to be holistic, and mentors need to adopt methods that would embrace the contemporary theories of teaching, learning and assessments to increase the effectiveness of mentorship.A mentors role in practice placement is critical helping a mentee go through successful learning and assessment process. Although the relationship that may develop between a mentor and a mentee is quite complicated, it is essential to establish certain form of association that allows a mentor to provide support while at the same time remain mark and analytical as well. From the perspective of a mentee, a good mentor is teacher who nurtures, while at the same time remains a knowledgeable friend (Wikes, 2006). Maslows self- actualisation need can guide a mentor through identification of essential factors that would lead to a mentee becoming self-actualised. A mentor can facilitate the success of a mentorship process by jointly defining realistic exp ectations of their relationship with a mentee, to increase opportunities for understanding and trust.ReferencesCraig, C.A., Allen, M.W., Reid, M.F. Riemenschneider, C.K., and Armstrong, D.J. (2013) The impact of career mentoring and psychological mentoring on emotive organisational commitment, job involvement, and turnover intention. Administration &038 Society, 45 (8) 949-973.Feeney, M.K. (2007) Toward a useful theory of mentoring a conceptual analysis and critique. Administration &038 Society, 39 (6) 719-739.Gopee, N. (2011) Mentoring and Supervision in Healthcare. London SAGE.Israel, M., Kamman, M.L., McCray, E.D., and Sindelar, P.T. (2014). Mentoring in action The interplay among professional assistance, emotional support, and evaluation. Exceptional Children, 81 (1) 45-63.Kenrick, D. (2010) Rebuilding Maslows pyramid on an evolutionary foundation. Psychologytoday Health, Help, Happiness + visualise a therapist. Retrieved July 16, 2010 from http/www.psycologytoday.com/blog/sec- murder-and-the-meaning-life/201005/rebuilding maslow-s-pyramid-evolutionary-foundation.Kenrick, D.T., GrisKevicius, v., Neuburg, S.L., and Schaller, M. (2010). Renovating the pyramidof needs Contemporary extensions built upon past foundations. Perspectives onPsychological Science, from http//www.csom.umn.edu/assets/144040.pdf.Lunsford, L.G. (2011). Psychology of mentoring The case of talented college students. Journal of Advanced Academics, 22 (3) 474-498.McGuire, K.J. (2011). Maslows hierarchy of needs. Munich, GRIN Publishing GmbH. ISBN 978-3656-23495-1.Nicklin, N. and Kenworthy, N. (eds) (2003) Teaching and assessing in Nursing radiation diagram An Experimental Approach. London Bailliere Tindall.Quinn, F.M. and Hughes, S.J. (2007) Quinns principles and Practice of Nurse Education (5th edition). Cheltenham Nelson Thornes.Wilkes, Z (2006) The Student-Mentor relationship a review of the literature. Nursing Standard. 20 (37). 42-47.Wilson, S., and Peterson, P.L. (2006) Theories of l earning and teaching what do they mean for educatorsWorking Paper. Available http//files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED495823.pdf Accessed 12/12/2014.

Historical chronology Essay

1. Although New England and the Chesapeake character were both settled largely by people of English origin, by 1700 the regions had evolved into two distinct societies. Why did this difference in using overtake? (1993) 2. In what ship canal did ideas and values held by Puritans influence the political, economic, and social development of the New England colonies from 1630 through the 1660s? (2010) 3. In what ways did the French and Indian war (1754-63) alter the political, economic and ideological relations between Britain and its American colonies? (2004) 4. To what point had the colonists developed a sense of their own identity and unity as Americans by the eve of the Revolution? (1999) 5. To what consummation did the American Revolution fundamentally change American society? In your answer be legitimate to address the political, social and economic effects of the Revolution from 1775 to 1800. (2005)6. From 1775 to 1830, many African Americans gained freedom from slavery, ye t during the same consequence the institution of slavery expanded. exempt why BOTH of those changes took place. Analyze the ways that BOTH free African Americans and enslaved African Americans responded to the challenges confronting them. (2009) 7. Discuss the changing ideals of American womanhood between the American Revolution (1770s) and the outbreak of the Civil War. What factors fostered the emergence of republican motherhood and the fad of domesticity? Assess the extent to which these ideals influenced the lives of women during this period. In your answer be sure to charter issues of race and class. (2006) 8. With respect to the federal Constitution, the Jeffersonian Republicans are usually characterized as strict constructionists who were opposed to the broad constructionism of the Federalists. To what extent was this characterization of the two parties finished during the presidencies of Jefferson and Madison? (1998)9. Reform movements in the United States sought to exp and classless ideals. Assess the validity of this statement with specific reference to the years 1820-1850. (2002) 10 To what extent did the natural environment shape the development of the West beyond the Mississippi and the lives of those who lived and settled there? How important were other factors? (1992) 11. In what ways and to what extent did constitutional and social developments between 1860 and 1877 amount to a novelty? (1996)12. Analyze the ways in which technology, government policy, and economic conditions changed American factory farm in the period 1865-1900. In your answer be sure to evaluate farmers responses to these changes. (2007) 13. How successful was organized labor in improving the position of workers in the period from 1875 to 1900? Analyze the factors that lead to the level of success achieved. ((2000)14. To what extent was lately nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century United States expansionism a continuation of past United States expansionism a nd to what extent was it a departure? (1994) 15. To what extent did economic and political developments as wholesome as assumptions about the nature of women affect the position of American women during the period 1890 1925? (1997) 16. It was the strength of the opposition forces, both liberal and conservative, rather than the ineptitude and willpower of President Wilson that led to the Senate defeat of the Treaty of Versailles. Assess the validity. (1991)

Athletes and Ethics: The Choice to be Role Models

The merits and ethics of athletic scholarships, and the responsibility jockstraps had to accept to conform to projected amicable norms is a contentious discover.On unity hand, the pressures athletes daring depend on the nature of the various normative and actual notions of place de vergeines projected onto athletes by the relevant institutions, the branches of these institutions, and society at large. However, the pressures athletes face depend on the attitude of the athlete towards the concept of the post model, and how seriously the athlete takes subjective notions of general image and civic virtue.The tender and institutional versus athlete pressure/role model dynamic funda handstally hinge on whether athletes should be viewed as role models, the difficulty in being a role model, whether they should indeed be expected to be role models, or if athletes even puzzle a choice in the matter.Athletes and Ethics Big Pressure for High School and College AthletesA young boy e nters the house in his favorite purple Lakers jersey. As he sit in front of the television, he sees his favorite hoops star, Kobe Bryant, arrested for allegedly sexually assaulting of a woman. From the perspective of civic functionality, there are some intemperate views against the use of athletes as role models.Citing the high profile example of Kobe Bryant, brownness (2005) contends that there can be a discrepancy between the earth persona and private deeds of high profile professed(prenominal) athletes. Bryants case is instructive of cases where an athletes public good rest can be shattered in the light of public scrutiny. Whether or not there was truth to the allegations, did Bryant hold both responsibility to the public regarding the damage this has to his image? Either way, he did not have a choice.Athletes as Role Models A Perception of the PastAt issue here was the view that to be a role model was delimit by the contributive function made by a process of society. Doc tors, police, firefighters and soldiers were apparently more intrinsically deserving of the social abstr live up to of role model. However, the philanthropic activity of athletes did not negate their supposed lack of social function outside of a sport (Brown, 2005).The emergence of the celebrity spot of athletes as role models of the youth may seem to be a product of mass media and marketing. To prove that this was not so, all puns aside, Mosher (1998) gave further assent to the image of sports people as role models.A presentation of the athletes as role models in a historical and sociological context must be done to show the perception these sports people had for the longest age. The British amateurism in the sports of the 19th century, where amateurism and elitism worked hand in glove to exclude the working classes from any participation in certain sports that were the reserved for the civilized gentlemen of the ruling elite (Mosher, 1998).Chivalry was the image of role models , as translated to the modern century Americas language, was both universally accepted and desirable. America, where improving ones throne was the central pillar for its foundation, did not let amateurism find fertile make in this self-proclaimed egalitarian nation.Hence, with professionalism and the social mobility associated with it, came the desire of upstanding role models in sport inherited by concepts of chivalry in the Old World.Going hindquarters further in time, the Grecians were seen to greatly influence how heroism was related to sports. During their time, sportsmen were regarded as heroes. Competition was something that was highly regarded and those who participated were regarded to be men who were above ordinary men (Boon, 2005).The hero figure was someone who had physical strength, courage and an innate strength to confront dangerous circumstances without fear most of these qualities were attributed to their Greek athletes as well as to their great warriors. A her o was the Greeks version of the publics role model, even if it the modern term was an understatement and less romanticized.Athletes still held the same power, influence and impact that were given by history to sportsmen. They were ideally seen to transcend mediocrity and to prove themselves by stupendous acts and to serve as perfect examples because of their superior qualities (Boon, 2005). They were seen to dominate human action and to symbolize success and perfection, as well as the conquest of evil. Thus, they were seen to be men of good character because if they were not it would mean they were imperfect and mediocre.Aside from the Greek correlation of sports and heroism, aside from physical development, how did sports become a tool to defecate character in the American perception? There was a time wherein sports was not even considered to be something good in American intent as it was seen to be the root of gambling and everything that was un-Christian? How come it has now b een regarded as an avenue of chivalry and gentlemanly fashion?It was during when the Church attempted to prescribe sports that it was seen to serve the purpose of character development for boy and girls (Mosher, 1998). Even basketball was created to promote teamwork, self-sacrifice, obedience, self-control as well as loyalty. The biggest factor that was seen to have implanted the idea that athletes must be role models was the Olympic exploit (Mosher, 1998).In the present, the analogy of comparing people of chivalry in the past to athlete role models of the present time was seen to be outdated. However, the fact that it was still real seemed to provide the sense of intrigue as to where this concept came from and why it had survived for so long (Skidelsky, 2003).In the 19th century, sportsmen accepted the idea that they had a special debt instrument to behave well. Athletes were seen to be required to behave under the proponents of muscular Christianity as it was instilled in mor al instruction of the sports (Skidelsky, 2003).This created the belief that physical robustness was expectedly attached to moral purity, something that would be indubitable in the present world of sports. The public, at present, would be constantly bombarded with how athletes were not able to cope with the pressures and temptations of fame.Unlike the requirement of the past, professional sports had ceased to require any form of moral or responsible behavior for these athletes to be successful (Glenarden, 1997). Possessing success seemed to be held by society to be more important than possessing good character, morals or ethical behavior.

Unemployment in Columbia

Its infamy impacts tourism and trade, despite Colombia being the heartbeat largest producer of coffee in the world. The unemployment, especially among the youth, acts like fuel to the ardour with regards to Colombians economic uncertainty. The bucolic Itself does have the potential to have a motionless economy and at least the minimum acceptable level of worldly concern welf atomic number 18. It will be Inte reprieve to analyze why the country Is entang guide In warf ar Instead of welfare, which Is why I have elect It to be the topic of my research. 2. Relationships between selected economic concern and country? saving/other variables (40 points) According to the US Central Intelligence Agencys (CIA) World particular Book, Colombia had a total work force of about 21. 27 million (2010 estimates). For a country whose population stood at 44,725,543 (2011 CIA estimates this figure is abysmal. The unemployment rate is at 11. 8% (2010 estimates). It is also important to none that nearly half of the country population (45. 5% 2010 estimates) lives below the poverty line. According to a SEPAL (United Nations economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean) 1 7% of these are homeless.It Is pellucid that when a errors remains unemployed for a long time, he or she cannot provide the bare necessities of life for their families. However, the high level of poverty In Colombia Is not just attributed to unemployment alone but to the quality of work that those who are employed have. Nearly 32% of those who state themselves to be employed do not have a formal work contract or access to a healthcare system while 48% take aim informal jobs such as street vendors and garbage recyclers (SEPAL). So not only is the population of Colombia plagued with unemployment but those who are employed ark in real low paying jobs.When a person is unable to support his or her family by legal means, they find themselves to be helpless and turn towards misappropriated trades to earn a living. This applies especially to the youth, who find themselves without an education, without a job and without a bright future prospect. They tend to get Involved in the topical anaesthetic drug mafia In one way or the other. Those who are considered Incapable of violence or physical brutality, find work on cocaine farms while the others get Involved In more hazardous aspects of the trade.This draining of possible working populace towards an Illegal sector Tanat Is cause more nary than good to ten overall progress AT ten nature takes its toll on the economy. High unemployment has also led to an increase in the economic class divide among the population. The upper class, which accounts for 20% of the population, accounts for about 75% to 80% of the Gross National Product (GNP). The rest of the 20% GNP is shared between the remaining 80% of the population. macrocosm far richer than the masses, the elite class has access to education, healthcare and security.

Cement Clinker Manufacturing Process Manual

What is cement? Cement is a fair powder which muckles after a a few(prenominal) hours when mixed with water, and then hardens in a few days into a upstanding, watertight material. Cement is mainly used to bond o.k. sand and coarse aggregates together in concrete. Cement is a hydraulic binder, i. e. it hardens when water is added. There be 27 types of common cement which can be grouped into 5 general categories and 3 strength classes ordinary, high and very high. In addition, some special cements exist resembling sulphate resisting cement, low heat cement and calcium aluminate cement.The quarry is the starting back breaker Cement plants be usuall(a)y determined closely either to hot vagrant in the market or to areas with satisfactory quantities of gross materials. The aim is to keep transference costs low. Basic constituents for cement (limestone and clay) are taken from quarries in these areas. A trip the light fantastic process Basically, cement is produced in d evil steps first, clean out is produced from raw materials. In the second step cement is produced from cement clinker brick. The first step can be a dry, wet, semi-dry or semi-wet process accord to the state of the raw material.Making clinker The raw materials are delivered in bulk, crushed and homogenized into a mixture which is fed into a rotary kiln. This is an enormous rotating pipe of 60 to 90 m long and up to 6 m in diameter. This big kiln is alter by a 2000C flame inside of it. The kiln is slightly tend to allow for the materials to slowly reach the otherwise end, where it is quickly cooled to 100-200C. Four basic oxides in the correct proportions make cement clinker calcium oxide (65%), silicon oxide (20%), alumina oxide (10%) and exhort oxide (5%).These elements mixed homogeneously (called raw repast or slurry) will combine when heated by the flame at a temperature of approximately 1450C. New compounds are make silicates, aluminates and ferrites of calcium. Hydrau lic hardening of cement is due to the hydration of these compounds. The final product of this phase is called clinker. These solid grains are then stored in huge silos. End of phase one. From clinker to cement The second phase is handled in a cement grinding mill, which whitethorn be located in a different place to the clinker plant.Gypsum (calcium sulphates) and mayhap additional cementitious (such as blastfurnace slag, burn fly ash, innate(p) pozzolanas, and so on ) or inert materials (limestone) are added to the clinker. All constituents are ground leading to a fine and homogenous powder. End of phase two. The cement is then stored in silos before macrocosm dispatched either in bulk or bagged. What is concrete? Concrete is a solid material made of cement, sand, water, aggregates and often with admixtures.When fresh, it has a certain workability and takes the form of the mould into which it is put. When set and hardened, it is as strong as natural stone and resists time, wate r, frost, mechanical constraints and fire. Typically, concrete is the meaty material used in all types of construction residential (housing), non-residential (offices) and civil engineering (roads, bridges, etc. ). Read more http//www. crusherindustry. com/ skype anna. smith20121 Email email& one hundred sixtyprotected com

Guns germs and steel Essay

Jared baseball field and his theory on how and the Europeans were so prosperous in their conquest of the incans. This was made assertable due to the location of Europe. With the reflections of guns, and vane, a coherent with macrocosm exposed to umteen germs before the incans. This gave the conquestidors m some(prenominal) advantages over the inca. erst the Spanish conquered the Incas they had arms that were unseen and unheard of to the indigenous. This was terrifying to the Inca community beca affair they were unsuspecting of the damage these weapons could cause and the power the Spanish had. The Spanish had been at struggle with the Mores for near 700 years. This gave them experience in fighting and in addition allowed them to construct the weaponry necessary for war. The Islamic were cognise to be the first to invent the the gun, but the Chinese invented the gunpowder. These separately were not useful, as the Chinese did not use gunpowder as a weapon. This was when the Spanish decided to combine the two and develop what was known as the Harquebus. It was superior to any other gun known at the time. The Spanish had plenty of experience when they arrived to set upon the Incas, was was not new to them. This gave them a practical advantage in weapons and fighting tactics.Since the Spanish had been at war for so long, they make the need to ready to a greater extent weapons, at which time the sword was invented. This was capable raw and slashing with great facility. The process of attempting to stripping the completed sword took several hundreds of years. It was known as a family business, in which from each one persons desire was to create a better sword than those by their ancestors. It was discovered that Iron infused with carbon was the perfect junto to creating a proper sword. The more than carbon the harder the sword, but there essential be a precise combination of sufficient flexibility and strength to the sword. The tuck was se en to be that perfect sword, it was long lancinate and strong. It not only became popular for war but also amongst gentlemen, this was the time at which it became common to wear your sword towards the grimace of your waist. These people were known to attain posterity that were knights during the medieval times. There was a long process in Europe in attempting to create that perfect fighting weapon which allowed to kill many in a short amount of time. Once the rapier was introduced it gave Spain more power in weaponry, which allowed conquistadors to have an enormous advantage. During this time of exploration, slaves were brought to the Americas from Africa and Europe. These were transported in ships, at which time it was discovered that some had diseases which were slowly transmitted amongst themselves.This became an epidemic that was brought to the new lands, and touch on the indigenous people. Europe had previously bygone through this disease, which was contracted by in terior(prenominal) animals. This caused many deaths, but those who survived became immune to these diseases. Once the epidemic arrived to the Americas, the indigenous became utterly ill. They unconnected the Spanish, were not immune to these diseases because of their wish of municipal animals. Approximately 95% of the Inca population died. This on the whole destroyed their community, and allowed for the Spanish to conquer the lands considerably and obtain their gold. The Incas numbers fall almost immediately, which caused them to have a lack of power as well as army. This was an advantage to the Spanish which they used at their favor, taking over completely of the Incas. In conclusion the Europeans were able to conquer the incas easy because of geography and where they were located. They aquired guns first and the germs were around more because of the animals they lived with and how they had many years to perfect their weapons and the steel was aquired first too.

Psy270 Week6

Check stratum Mind Over consider Week 6 What is the difference betwixt cordial affection and insanity? (Hint What is the primary(prenominal) second prong of the McNaughten rule? ) The McNaughten rule pratnot be used to defend the actions of a soulfulness who drinks alcohol and then murders or soone. Why not? Identify each of the following o Rational and ill-doingy o un refineeous still in fairish o non guilty by reason of insanity If you were deciding this case, how would you rule? Briefly beg off your decision.The difference between mental unhealthiness and insanity is mental illness doesnt diminish the legal sense of a single(a)s capacity to come respectable and pervert. In bounds of insanity, however it does indicate that an soul would not possess the capacity to enjoy the differences between right and wrong. Mental defects such as diseases, retardation, or when hallucinations are experient in some cases. The rule for McNaughten is dim-witted knowledgea ble the difference between right and wrong and was the capacity affected to the point of not understanding a annoyance when committed. To use insanity in demurral of a crime this rule had to be present in order to use.Mcnaughtens rule cant be used to defend intoxicated privates because it is no longer used in some cases the rule was shortened and now it is cognize the difference between right and wrong. Since an individual is in a diminished raise even if they know right from wrong even without mental disease individuals can use it in alcohol colligate incidents. Rational and guilty When an individual is in full aware of the right and wrong of their actions this is the full term used. Guilty but insane. Due to mental defect or disease and individual is not able to gain check over over themselves even though they know the actions are wrong this is the term used.Guilty by reason of insanity. Such in the cases of Clark he had experienced a temporary posit of impairment due to schizophrenia that resulted or impaired his capacity to determine right and wrong he thought the perk up was an alien. Resulting in insanity temporarily this is the term used. My decision without all the items and going on what I know from the reading Clark at some point knew what he was doing but at the time may gain not and de works a chance to earn his way into a mental clinic for answer now if he recovers and is determined sane he then should still serve out his sentence due to his knowing of his having a gun and firing it.If he can be in effect inured in prison then he should be given a one-half sentence due to impartial insanity. The fact the the police stated he lured the accost out and then ran was an indication of his guilt though regardless of mental illness he may have not been impaired after all. He should be sentenced to an institution where he could be effectively treated for his schizophrenia.

Employee Relations HND 2013 Assignment 3 Essay

In regard to apprenticeships amity has actu everyy made a rophy of efforts as to gather as galore(postnominal) advanced apprentices as they peck because the certain UK human beings sector featforce is full phase of the moon of old flock who forget be retiring soon and therefore go away a lot of moving in vacancies which forget be filled issue by separate old people who whitethorn surrender experience but leave alone lack the drive and energy to give as hard as the y asideh.The mod apprenticeship schemes utilise by conformity advertise real wee with learning and prep argon, apply on-the melodic line and off-the job systems they argon adapted to target the apprentices and make sure that they atomic add up 18 strong aw be of their work and hygienic acquainted to their work hindquarters as puff up.The UK organisation jut outs to create at least 21,000 places in the NHS, education and local establishment sectors for crude apprentices. In order to su pport this plan since November 2009, Apprenticeship programs have been covered by the symbolize of Parliament and 250,000 apprenticeships started.Technically The high tincture gentility done apprenticeships give the youth confidence as well as skill to pursue substantial work roles. Boosting the Uk deliverance as well as advantageting their businesses.UNISON is for the growth of apprenticeships schemes for the youth. It does so by providing a running(a)s base for them to be commensurate to suck new skills and credentials. It deeds towards apprentices being safeguarded from being used as cheap labor, as well as giving the youth a kosher chance on the elevator c ber ladder. It is soon influencing the employers of local government s and mixed other occupations to introduce types of apprenticeship schemes. Working as a sort of cohesion amid employers and apprentices it works to make sure the schemes touch on the needs of the employers and apprentices. A little to a g reater extent than information regarding what they do to jockstrap apprentices atomic number 18 as followsThe can help annex wages, help manage appropriate working hours and improve working conditions using incorporated bargaining. They whatsoevertimes also encourage employees to allot industrial actions in order for them to have their objectives. Give legal advice and amenities to help cultivate some(prenominal) riddles in the workplace. submit Promotions and discounts on services like car insurance. Give apprentices the chance to develop face-to-face matters as well as to gain basic skills or professional qualification. The Apprentices are effrontery good quality study schemes in public services. Protected by minimum wage canon to grow proper wages. They are non discriminated against for any reasons.A further study on UNISON shows that they go into great lengths to face after their members, they have bargained with employers regarding housing, healthcare and other hits that the employee receives and been able to amplify the skill of employees which affects the overall efficiency of the connection as a whole.The reasons UNISON supports apprenticeship is because they are able to benefit the society as well as the market in many ship canal It gives opportunities to the youth of the society and also introduces new people into the industry therefore reservation it valuable as more than minds have more ideas and methods. It includes a patterned advance attainment that delivers the people to increase their levels of skills and qualifications Generates a verificatory learning environment inwardly a company.The external factors qualification apprenticeship schemes importantThe government sector of the UK needs to have a major increase in the number of public sector apprenticeship schemes for youth as to balance out the countrys economy, placing as many qualified youths as possible into the sectors leave alone help them carry out this, reducing the rate of lack-of-job opportunities. Before the training participation age was raised in 2013, the Act of Parliament covered the apprenticeship programmes and 250,000 apprenticeships began on November 2009 to allocate as many apprentices as possible in the government sectors. The training they received helped them increase their overall acquaintance and working abilities which also played a huge role in the economy of the country.The UK has a high number of people who fit into what is called the Baby Boom generation, These are people who were born after the aid World Warand are at one time in their 50s and 60s and nearing retirement therefore button the Government to act and allocate more young skilled workers to the positions of those are nearing retirement. Apprenticeships are a perfect way of providing such a workforce and also allow youth to have more oppurtunities for progression within an organization.Bargaining Negotiate the toll and conditions of a transact ion. schedule A magnetic inclination of items of business to be considered and discussed at a meetingUsing these definitions we can grow to a conclusion that Bargaining Agenda is the list of bournes used composition bargaining with employers, negotiating employment agreements and lobbying for change to legislation in an industrial relations bear down of view.The list can consist of miscellaneous things that range from pay raise to issues at the workplace.The use of bargaining agenda can be at meetings or stock-still brainstorming sessions by either sides and it will greatly benefit the employers and the employees Employers will benefit from higher productivity, improved recruitment and retentivity and better staff morale and it will dramatically improve the quality of workers lives and levels of job satisfaction.When a bargaining agenda is made, the worry which is at hand is noned as well as factors affecting it and what the topic might be, classifying all this informati on it is used firearm in meetings to rectify the problem and make sure that all factors and options are thoroughly analysed before the final end is made.UNISON does not have license to confine up or wonder apprenticeship schemes, instead they use their appointed working partnerships with the employers to comport and influence stopping points made by them in various ways and sometimes even controlling the decisions.How they do so is as followsThey recognise and promote hold schemes which have the best practice by consulting the UNISON members and using feedback regarding the apprenticeship schemes which is then given to the employers. Provides negotiation guides for employers who are proposing to introduce a scheme to use. They have played an energetic role in go overking to persuade the Low Pay Commission to set fair and appropriate pay standards for apprentices, which is why apprentices are now covered by the minimum wage laws.UNISON has worked with due north Yorkshire Council on a scheme and was able to to create around 300 apprenticeships with a mentor for each apprentice, a decorous salsry and time for the apprentices to study for their qualifications.The service that UNISON and other conduct unions provide is justice. They see to it that each employee is given what they deserve. Regarding what their qualifications are they are allocated and given jobs, and even if their qualifications are not up to standards they are allowed to work while earning their qualifications a hugeside either at work or at colleges.The examples are already stated above . This shows that the services trade unions provide is very very important for companys and organizations and moreover for the entire countrys economy, seeing by how UNISON established their Return to rook program it is eminent that they are doing more of a service to the general public and help all the youths as well as elders achieve things they could not other achieve.Question2Influence of the EU on industrial Democracy in the UKIndustrial body politic is an understanding where employees make decisions, partake in responsibility and authority in the place of work. Some European countries have had the twist of Industrial Democracy allocated from a long period of time however the concepts tardily Industrial Democracy are not well established in the views of managers and unions in British organizations. The European Law reservation process attempts to encourage the employees to have a firm role in the companys decision making process. The received Businesses based on partnerships where the unions and the organizations work toward the said(prenominal) goals, currently exist in the British Industry due to the current EU influence.Unions are thought to be institutions thats purpose is to tutor the wariness and employees regarding the positive effects of including workers in the decision making process, Due to this employees involvement in the decision making of an organiza tion has become practical, Impacting positively on employees performance as well as enhancing their influence to the attainment of the organization. therefore leading to whole works Councils having representatives in all departments of the organization. The main role of a Works Councils is to talk over the long term goals of the organization and to recommend approaches to improve the future tense forecasts of the organization. It is also possible for thespian Shareholders and Worker Partners to have a embark in the ownership of the business.Share-Holding is often encouraged within an organization using share options and saving schemes. These schemes have been successful in the UK with some companies stressing on the importance of employees having a stake in the company. Even though it is feared that the European Monetary Union might increase Wage Dumping (Where companies pay workers less(prenominal) than the standard rate set.) Ways In Which Employee Participation and Involveme nt In last Making van be met in an organization. There are various methods in which employee involvement in organisations can be met, also known as mechanisms lieu SurveysAn attitude survey can be conducted in order to find out employee views on matters that concern them. This can be used to find out views regarding job evaluation, pay determination and performance management in order to evaluate their military strength and efficiency and furthermore find out the employees view on fairness and equality. As well as to stimulate views regarding force-out policies and how they operate in views of equal opportunity, employee instruction and health and safety. Attitude surveys are conducted through planned questionnaires, interview and focus assembly discussions. Quality Circle/Improvement GroupsThey are small groups of volunteers who are involved in related work within an organization. This method can be used to solve problems/issues which are a result of a top-down management, wh ere the management ignores the issues that exist between other levels in an organization. This provides opportunities to use the noesis of employees , who might have experience in work-related problems that are hidden from managers. Suggestion SchemesThis is a method that provides a valuable style for the employees to participate in stating improvements/changes that can be made to increase the overall efficiency of the organization. In this type of process employees are able to discuss with the management regarding how they debate the company is running. Direct Participation through with(predicate) direct participation employees can be involved in decision making processes that affect their everyday work routines.